http://www.worksupport.com
From its inception, supported jobs employment has been characterized by individual placement
or group option arrangements. Initially, four distinct models for supported employment
implementation were introduced and defined. It was thought by many professionals that many new
models would evolve over time. However, over the last several years the models of supported
employment have remained largely intact with the exception of an additional group option that was
introduced in the early 1990's.
Individual Placement Model of Competitive Employment -- This model is considered by
many to be the least restrictive and most normalizing of all the rehabilitation service delivery models
(Rehab Brief, 1986). This model is characterized by one employment specialist working with one
person to obtain and maintain the community integrated competitive employment position of choice
(Moon, Goodall, Barcus & Brooke, 1985; Wehman, 1981).
Group Options
Enclave -- An enclave can be defined as a group of individuals, usually three to eight, who
work together in a group with the assistance of a permanent full-time supervisor. Employment occurs
within a regular, community-based industry called the host company with participants’ earnings based
upon production rate results. (Rhodes & Valenta, 1985a).
Mobile Work Crew -- A mobile work crew usually includes between three to eight
employees with significant disabilities and one or two supervisors. Typically, a mobile work crew
travels through a community performing specialized contract services. This model is different from
enclaves, because mobile crews typically operate several different contracts and move regularly from
one business to another. Crew supervisors are often responsible for pro-viding daily supervision and
coaching of crew employees, while performing on-going contract procurement activities. For this
reason, a mobile work crew can be a complex business to operate (Jacobs,1974; Bourbeau, 1985).
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